Those who opposed him maintained that Ship-money was becoming a permanent way of raising money without the consent of Parliament.In 1637, John Hampden, a former Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire (an inland county), refused on principle to pay his Ship-money.Hampden’s case was heard in November, 1637, and caused great public interest. The Irish Catholic rebels claimed approval for their actions; while untrue, the assertion was given weight by his attempts to use Irish troops against the Scots, and initial refusal to condemn the rebellion.However, regardless of religion or political belief, in 1642 the vast majority believed a 'well-ordered' monarchy was divinely mandated; where they disagreed was what 'well-ordered' meant, and who held ultimate authority in clerical affairs.When war began in August 1642, both sides expected it to be settled by a single, decisive battle; many areas remained neutral, while awaiting the result. King Charles I and Parliament could not and would not work together. The Commons also passed a series of constitutional reforms, including the Pym and Hampden were among the few to understand only military victory could compel Charles to keep his commitments. His enduring popularity as a symbol of Parliamentary freedom continues; in 2012, A perspective summarised by Francis Rous in 1641; "For Arminianism is the span of a Papist, and if you mark it well, you shall see an Arminian reaching to a Papist, a Papist to a Jesuit, a Jesuit to the Pope, and the other to the King of Spain. The most far-reaching of these financial manoeuvres was Ship-money.Coastal towns had for centuries been required to provide ships or money to build ships for the fleet in time of war, but when Charles sent the first Writ of Ship-money to the citizens of London on 20th October, 1634, he had a new idea in mind.This Writ obeyed the letter of the law, stating that ships were needed to defend the country against maritime thieves and pirates. The King knew that he had to economise, but he still aimed to recover the Palatinate (in Germany) for his sister’s husband.English fleets sailed the North Sea in furtherance of these interests – and, of course, they had to be paid for.The King turned his attention to old-established sources of royal revenue, and enlarged their scope. The decision went against Hampden, and he was forced to pay the disputed tax. The Ship Money memorial near Great Hampden. With such a strong dose of parliamentary “medicine” behind him, the King made up his mind to rule alone; and indeed, Parliament did not meet again for 11 years.Charles’s main problem was financing his government, for direct taxation could only be levied with the consent of Parliament. After war began in August 1642, Hampden raised an infantry regiment, and died of wounds received at the His death in 1643 meant he avoided the bitter internal debates later in the war, the execution of A reputation for honest, principled, and patriotic opposition to arbitrary rule also made him a popular figure in John Hampden was born around June 1595, probably in In 1619, he married Elizabeth Symeon, a substantial heiress, although her father outlived both his daughter, and son-in-law. Many people were alarmed at the judges’ decision, for it implied that, in times of emergency, the King could demand money for the defence of the realm without parliamentary consent.The payment of Ship-money decreased during and after Hampden’s trial and on 7th August, 1641, the famous Long Parliament declared it illegal. Despite being one of the wealthiest landowners in the county, he refused to pay the levy, and was summoned for the … However the nearby village of Great Kimble also claims to be the place where he refused to pay the tax. Hampden raised a regiment, which acted as baggage escort at When the 1643 campaign began, Hampden was serving with the He died at home six days later, and was buried in Great Hampden church. St. John pointed out that Ship-money had first been raised in the reign of King Ethelred, more than 600 years before, and from that time onwards it had been clearly understood that only maritime counties were liable to the tax, and then only in time of war.When the hearing was over, 12 judges sat in deliberation on the principles involved. It was a test case in which the question of how far the King could take the law into his own hands was at stake.Hampden was represented by Oliver St. John, a little-known but brilliant lawyer. Prior to her death in 1631, they had nine children, of whom seven survived into adulthood; Ann (1616-1701), Elizabeth (1619-1643), John (1621-1642), William (died 1675), Ruth (1628-1687), Mary (1630-1689), and While in London, he became closely involved with other He financed a campaign to restore Parliamentary representation to Instead of taxes, he imposed a forced loan and over 70 individuals were jailed for refusing to pay, including Hampden's cousin, Sir Edmund Hampden.Released to attend Parliament, Hampden was closely involved in its efforts to limit the king's power, the first being adoption of the In the 17th century, religion and politics were considered interdependent; 'good government' required 'true religion'; this meant alterations in one implied alterations in the other.Hampden's role in the 1628 Parliament was largely behind the scenes, where his organisational and man-management skills could be best used, but placed him in the inner circle of Parliamentary opposition. These showed that even if the king was above the law, his subordinates were not, and he could not protect them; the intention was to make others think twice about their actions. Charles justified the tax on the grounds of national emergency. In 1635 Hampden refused to pay 20 shillings in ship money, and the case went before the 12 judges of the Court of the Exchequer. Where the cross stands is reputed to be the spot where John Hampden stood when he first refused to pay the Ship Money tax in 1636.
Those who opposed him maintained that Ship-money was becoming a permanent way of raising money without the consent of Parliament.In 1637, John Hampden, a former Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire (an inland county), refused on principle to pay his Ship-money.Hampden’s case was heard in November, 1637, and caused great public interest. The Irish Catholic rebels claimed approval for their actions; while untrue, the assertion was given weight by his attempts to use Irish troops against the Scots, and initial refusal to condemn the rebellion.However, regardless of religion or political belief, in 1642 the vast majority believed a 'well-ordered' monarchy was divinely mandated; where they disagreed was what 'well-ordered' meant, and who held ultimate authority in clerical affairs.When war began in August 1642, both sides expected it to be settled by a single, decisive battle; many areas remained neutral, while awaiting the result. King Charles I and Parliament could not and would not work together. The Commons also passed a series of constitutional reforms, including the Pym and Hampden were among the few to understand only military victory could compel Charles to keep his commitments. His enduring popularity as a symbol of Parliamentary freedom continues; in 2012, A perspective summarised by Francis Rous in 1641; "For Arminianism is the span of a Papist, and if you mark it well, you shall see an Arminian reaching to a Papist, a Papist to a Jesuit, a Jesuit to the Pope, and the other to the King of Spain. The most far-reaching of these financial manoeuvres was Ship-money.Coastal towns had for centuries been required to provide ships or money to build ships for the fleet in time of war, but when Charles sent the first Writ of Ship-money to the citizens of London on 20th October, 1634, he had a new idea in mind.This Writ obeyed the letter of the law, stating that ships were needed to defend the country against maritime thieves and pirates. The King knew that he had to economise, but he still aimed to recover the Palatinate (in Germany) for his sister’s husband.English fleets sailed the North Sea in furtherance of these interests – and, of course, they had to be paid for.The King turned his attention to old-established sources of royal revenue, and enlarged their scope. The decision went against Hampden, and he was forced to pay the disputed tax. The Ship Money memorial near Great Hampden. With such a strong dose of parliamentary “medicine” behind him, the King made up his mind to rule alone; and indeed, Parliament did not meet again for 11 years.Charles’s main problem was financing his government, for direct taxation could only be levied with the consent of Parliament. After war began in August 1642, Hampden raised an infantry regiment, and died of wounds received at the His death in 1643 meant he avoided the bitter internal debates later in the war, the execution of A reputation for honest, principled, and patriotic opposition to arbitrary rule also made him a popular figure in John Hampden was born around June 1595, probably in In 1619, he married Elizabeth Symeon, a substantial heiress, although her father outlived both his daughter, and son-in-law. Many people were alarmed at the judges’ decision, for it implied that, in times of emergency, the King could demand money for the defence of the realm without parliamentary consent.The payment of Ship-money decreased during and after Hampden’s trial and on 7th August, 1641, the famous Long Parliament declared it illegal. Despite being one of the wealthiest landowners in the county, he refused to pay the levy, and was summoned for the … However the nearby village of Great Kimble also claims to be the place where he refused to pay the tax. Hampden raised a regiment, which acted as baggage escort at When the 1643 campaign began, Hampden was serving with the He died at home six days later, and was buried in Great Hampden church. St. John pointed out that Ship-money had first been raised in the reign of King Ethelred, more than 600 years before, and from that time onwards it had been clearly understood that only maritime counties were liable to the tax, and then only in time of war.When the hearing was over, 12 judges sat in deliberation on the principles involved. It was a test case in which the question of how far the King could take the law into his own hands was at stake.Hampden was represented by Oliver St. John, a little-known but brilliant lawyer. Prior to her death in 1631, they had nine children, of whom seven survived into adulthood; Ann (1616-1701), Elizabeth (1619-1643), John (1621-1642), William (died 1675), Ruth (1628-1687), Mary (1630-1689), and While in London, he became closely involved with other He financed a campaign to restore Parliamentary representation to Instead of taxes, he imposed a forced loan and over 70 individuals were jailed for refusing to pay, including Hampden's cousin, Sir Edmund Hampden.Released to attend Parliament, Hampden was closely involved in its efforts to limit the king's power, the first being adoption of the In the 17th century, religion and politics were considered interdependent; 'good government' required 'true religion'; this meant alterations in one implied alterations in the other.Hampden's role in the 1628 Parliament was largely behind the scenes, where his organisational and man-management skills could be best used, but placed him in the inner circle of Parliamentary opposition. These showed that even if the king was above the law, his subordinates were not, and he could not protect them; the intention was to make others think twice about their actions. Charles justified the tax on the grounds of national emergency. In 1635 Hampden refused to pay 20 shillings in ship money, and the case went before the 12 judges of the Court of the Exchequer. Where the cross stands is reputed to be the spot where John Hampden stood when he first refused to pay the Ship Money tax in 1636.